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Persistence of “Deprogramming”
Stereotypes in Film
Joseph P. Szimhart
Abstract
This paper reviews dramatic portrayals of deprogramming, a neologism that
appeared several decades ago to identify the process of de-converting members
from eccentric groups or "cults." My interest in this subject stems from
experience as both a participant and observer—I made my living as a deprogrammer
for over a decade until 1997. In my experience deprogramming covered an array of
intervention models from non-coercive educational discussions to the imposition
of dialogue after a kidnapping or involuntary confinement of a cult member.
Although the vast majority of interventions were of the former model, the high
drama of the latter “abduction” model as the remedy for a condition called
"brainwashed" attracted media attention. By 1980 several films and television
specials about coercive deprogramming were in production stages. Since 1980 a
regular stream of productions has continued to represent intervention with
cultists as coercive; rarely have non-coercive interventions received even
cursory dramatic attention. This paper reviews significant productions through
2000 that have influenced public perception and argues that a stereotype has
appeared in the public mind as a result. The paper also argues that this trend
will not change because non-coercive interventions are ostensibly difficult to
dramatize, lack violent interaction and therefore have little monetary
potential.
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